GERD Awareness Week

November 24-30, 2024 has been designated as international GERD Awareness Week. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, also known as GERD, occurs when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus and throat causing inflammation and pain. Most people have experienced indigestion that is temporary, but with GERD the reflux is chronic and can damage the tissues. This can occur when the valve that separates the esophagus and stomach becomes weak and allows the backflow of stomach acid. Other causes include a hiatal hernia, pregnancy, obesity, and congenital defects that put too much pressure on the diaphragm leading to the acid backup. Smoking and certain medications can also increase the risk of developing GERD. According to the Cleveland Clinic, "GERD is estimated to affect about 20% of adults and 10% of children in the U.S." The annual observance during the week of Thanksgiving brings attention to this prevalent condition.

MedicalNewsToday.com describes the symptoms of GERD as "nausea, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, chronic cough, excess saliva mixed with stomach acid, and the sensation of a lump in one's throat." Exams can be done to determine the cause of these symptoms, including endoscopy with a small camera, pH testing, and an X-ray. Depending on the cause, GERD can be treated with over-the-counter medications, prescription medications, or surgery.

Lifestyle changes can be very helpful to control the frequency and severity of GERD symptoms. Weight loss, sleeping with your head elevated, smoking cessation, and modifying your diet can be a beneficial part of your treatment plan. The John Hopkins GERD Diet suggests avoiding fried and fast foods, processed snacks, spicy seasonings, tomato-based sauces, citrus, chocolate, and peppermint. It recommends high-fiber foods (whole grains, root vegetables, and green vegetables), alkaline foods (bananas, melons, and nuts), and watery foods (celery, cucumber, and lettuce) to help prevent acid reflux. The Cleveland Clinic also advises eating smaller meals, avoiding food before bedtime, and sleeping on your left side to control symptoms.

Managing gastroesophageal reflux disease is important to prevent further damage to the tissues in the esophagus and throat. Additional information about GERD can be found on the American College of Gastroenterology and International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders websites.